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Monday, December 3, 2012

Bank of Commerce Takes the Gold in NPLs as of June 30, 2012


DOSRI.  Short for DOSRI Loans and Transactions.  Otherwise known as loans to Directors, Officers, Stockholders, and Related Interests (DOSRI).  Regulators and Legislators have established laws and regulations that limit DOSRI loans.  The General Banking Act and BSP regulations limit the amount of the loans granted by a bank to a single borrower to 25% of equity.  The amount of individual loans to DOSRI, of which 70% must be secured, should not exceed the amount of the deposit and book value of the investment in the bank.  In the aggregate, loans to DOSRI generally should not exceed the total equity or 15% of the total loan portfolio of the bank, whichever is lower.

In the Philippine Commercial Banking Industry, DOSRI Loans stood at Php 214.871 billion, or 6.59% of a Total Loan Portfolio - Net (TLP-Net) of Php 3.261 trillion as of June 30, 2012

Editor's Note: Data is culled from  the Published Statements of Condition of individual commercial banks found in www.bsp.gov.ph.  Banks highlighted in yellow are classified as Distressed Banks.  The level of distressed is measured by the Ratio of their Total Distressed Assets/Total Capital Cushion as of June 30, 2012.  See a previous blog post: "Philippine U/KBs Show Some Deterioration in the 2nd Qtr. of 2012"


Philippine Universal and Commercial Banking System
DOSRI as % of TLP-Net
June 30, 2012









DOSRITLP-NetDOSRI/TLP-Net
Bank(In Php)(In PHP)(In %)
Development Bank of the Philippines37,917,488,222.01132,330,130,718.8828.65%
Land Bank of the Philippines68,646,469,730.17249,893,860,362.2427.47%
China Banking Corporation18,459,703,104.87160,336,920,730.8011.51%
Banco De Oro Unibank Inc.59,353,773,766.32687,449,848,983.948.63%
Robinsons Bank Corporation1,092,204,794.1815,901,720,790.626.87%
Rizal Commercial Banking Corporation4,774,849,864.29147,566,030,748.893.24%
Bank of Commerce1,107,424,200.5140,286,168,910.842.75%
Philippine National Bank3,289,296,631.39130,344,611,716.692.52%
Metropolitan Bank & Trust Company8,141,482,227.33356,405,295,315.462.28%
Allied Banking Corporation2,185,463,587.9397,005,209,447.242.25%
East West Banking Corporation1,110,900,418.5752,595,614,642.102.11%
Maybank Philippines Inc.579,226,472.3327,960,133,075.292.07%
Bank of the Philippine Islands5,111,996,958.34381,129,488,188.361.34%
Union Bank of the Philippines959,960,804.9486,315,941,248.741.11%
Asia United Bank280,570,289.0030,447,777,903.990.92%
HongKong & Shanghai Banking Corporation574,583,499.0171,135,474,496.390.81%
Bank of America N.A.27,542,992.474,366,919,280.840.63%
Citibank N.A.588,421,598.88127,326,018,344.680.46%
United Coconut Planters Bank273,499,739.7064,560,997,791.910.42%
JP Morgan Chase Bank National Association54,865,997.9021,401,181,445.240.26%
Philippine Bank of Communications19,185,960.769,373,967,066.040.20%
Philippine Veterans Bank47,571,251.3424,461,896,932.690.19%
Chinatrust (Philippines) Commercial Banking Corporation20,156,646.0612,626,685,303.370.16%
ANZ Banking Group Ltd39,648,428.7025,012,985,590.310.16%
Security Bank Corporation186,843,553.26121,418,657,430.700.15%
Standard Chartered Bank18,590,466.9537,400,519,794.200.05%
The Bank of Tokyo - Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd8,860,884.9223,472,630,029.700.04%
Korea Exchange Bank673,920.005,265,334,464.090.01%
Al Amanah Islamic Bank of the Philippines0.00286,658,067.440.00%
Bangkok Bank Public Co. Ltd.0.003,308,082,971.500.00%
Bank of China Limited - Manila Branch0.005,022,505,240.780.00%
BDO Private Bank, Inc.0.006,045,408,925.810.00%
Deutsche Bank AG0.0024,392,915,946.480.00%
Internationale Nederlanden Groep Bank0.009,623,642,231.230.00%
Mega International Commercial Bank Co. Ltd0.007,024,204,490.460.00%
Mizuho Corporate Bank Ltd - Manila Branch0.0025,422,078,830.340.00%
Philippine Trust Company0.0035,904,262,386.840.00%
Grand Total214,871,256,012.133,260,821,779,845.126.59%

Source: www.bsp.gov.ph

Of the 37 banks in this list, nine banks had no DOSRI loans as of June 30, 2012.  Of the 29 banks that reported DOSRI loans, the ratio of DOSRI Loans to Total Loan Portfolio - Net as of June 30, 2012 was slightly higher (6.59%) than the 6.07% ratio reported for all commercial banks as of March 31, 2012.  The banks with the highest ratio of DOSRI Loans to TLP-Net were government banks:
  1. Development Bank of the Philippines (28.65% of TLP-Net)
  2. Land Bank of the Philippines (27.47% of TLP-Net)
DOSRI rules indicate that DOSRI Loans, in the aggregate, should not exceed the total equity of the bank.  Therefore banks with significantly high DOSRI Loans as a percentage of Total Stockholders Equity (SE) may be approaching DOSRI Limits.  In this matter, two government banks again stand out:
  1. Development Bank of the Philippines (96.88% of SE)
  2. Land Bank of the Philippines (95.30% of SE)
A third bank, Banco de Oro Unibank has DOSRI Loans equivalent to 58.23% of SE as of June 30, 2012, up significantly from 30.61% as of March 31, 2012.  China Banking Corporation also had DOSRI Loans equivalent to more than 50% of SE as of June 30, 2012, up very significantly from 21.28% as of March 31, 2012.  On an overall basis, DOSRI Loans comprised 28.43% of Stockholders Equity as of June 30, 2012, up from 24.01% as of March 31, 2012.

Philippine Universal and Commercial Banking System
DOSRI as % of Stockholders Equity
June 30, 2012









DOSRISEDOSRI/SE
Bank(In Php)(In PHP)(In %)
Development Bank of the Philippines37,917,488,222.0139,139,801,398.2196.88%
Land Bank of the Philippines68,646,469,730.1772,035,398,618.5995.30%
Banco De Oro Unibank Inc.59,353,773,766.32101,929,325,323.6758.23%
China Banking Corporation18,459,703,104.8736,037,127,084.4851.22%
Robinsons Bank Corporation1,092,204,794.185,400,718,494.9120.22%
Allied Banking Corporation2,185,463,587.9318,326,663,200.6811.93%
Rizal Commercial Banking Corporation4,774,849,864.2940,339,304,322.0211.84%
HongKong & Shanghai Banking Corporation574,583,499.015,388,712,213.2010.66%
Maybank Philippines Inc.579,226,472.335,535,707,537.0310.46%
Philippine National Bank3,289,296,631.3937,122,489,253.608.86%
Metropolitan Bank & Trust Company8,141,482,227.33106,194,109,504.717.67%
Citibank N.A.588,421,598.887,841,168,502.187.50%
East West Banking Corporation1,110,900,418.5716,170,114,535.466.87%
Bank of Commerce1,107,424,200.5117,557,056,210.056.31%
Bank of the Philippine Islands5,111,996,958.3487,074,496,134.625.87%
Bank of America N.A.27,542,992.47596,946,705.204.61%
JP Morgan Chase Bank National Association54,865,997.901,727,884,545.303.18%
Asia United Bank280,570,289.0010,173,091,443.182.76%
Union Bank of the Philippines959,960,804.9439,593,140,857.562.42%
ANZ Banking Group Ltd39,648,428.702,023,998,541.561.96%
United Coconut Planters Bank273,499,739.7018,524,593,394.881.48%
The Bank of Tokyo - Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd8,860,884.92746,456,907.951.19%
Standard Chartered Bank18,590,466.951,662,661,839.141.12%
Philippine Veterans Bank47,571,251.345,182,204,888.330.92%
Security Bank Corporation186,843,553.2634,857,762,333.000.54%
Chinatrust (Philippines) Commercial Banking Corporation20,156,646.066,118,237,659.450.33%
Philippine Bank of Communications19,185,960.768,262,907,312.020.23%
Korea Exchange Bank673,920.00561,460,316.560.12%
Al Amanah Islamic Bank of the Philippines0.00473,003,657.240.00%
Bangkok Bank Public Co. Ltd.0.001,150,161,682.460.00%
Bank of China Limited - Manila Branch0.00610,490,846.110.00%
BDO Private Bank, Inc.0.005,204,459,324.380.00%
Deutsche Bank AG0.001,617,692,819.390.00%
Internationale Nederlanden Groep Bank0.002,771,241,312.150.00%
Mega International Commercial Bank Co. Ltd0.00691,445,235.150.00%
Mizuho Corporate Bank Ltd - Manila Branch0.001,275,769,667.830.00%
Philippine Trust Company0.0015,758,749,258.440.00%
Grand Total214,871,256,012.13755,676,552,880.6928.43%

Source: www.bsp.gov.ph




Banks often take pains to avoid DOSRI Loans from falling past due. Although bank policies often state that DOSRI Loans are made “on commercial, arm's length terms, i.e., substantially on the same terms as loans to other individuals and businesses of comparable risks” (See RCBC's Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2010), loan underwriting standards should be tighter because a past due DOSRI loan reflects badly on the bank.    DOSRI Loans that fall past due are often:
  1. Written off as soon as possible;
  2. Refinanced or Restructured to become current; or are
  3. Technically reclassified as a general NPL (like if a loan to a former bank officer falls past due). 
As a result, only Php 0.539 billion of DOSRI Loans or 0..25% are past due out of a Total DOSRI Loan Portfolio of Php 214.871 billion as of June 30, 2012, down significantly from 0.32% as of March 31, 2012.



Philippine Universal and Commercial Banking System
DOSRI Past Due as % of DOSRI
June 30, 2012





DOSRI Past DueDOSRIDOSRI Past Due/DOSRI
Bank(In PHP)(In PHP)(In %)
Rizal Commercial Banking Corporation525,431,611.244,774,849,864.2911.00%
Bank of America N.A.1,754,488.6227,542,992.476.37%
Asia United Bank5,945,458.44280,570,289.002.12%
United Coconut Planters Bank2,994,626.21273,499,739.701.09%
Chinatrust (Philippines) Commercial Banking Corporation73,276.1920,156,646.060.36%
Philippine Bank of Communications34,589.3219,185,960.760.18%
Standard Chartered Bank24,181.7318,590,466.950.13%
Bank of the Philippine Islands2,770,338.255,111,996,958.340.05%
Citibank N.A.205,789.59588,421,598.880.03%
China Banking Corporation40,842.0018,459,703,104.870.00%
Allied Banking Corporation0.002,185,463,587.930.00%
ANZ Banking Group Ltd0.0039,648,428.700.00%
Banco De Oro Unibank Inc.0.0059,353,773,766.320.00%
Bank of Commerce0.001,107,424,200.510.00%
Development Bank of the Philippines0.0037,917,488,222.010.00%
East West Banking Corporation0.001,110,900,418.570.00%
HongKong & Shanghai Banking Corporation0.00574,583,499.010.00%
JP Morgan Chase Bank National Association0.0054,865,997.900.00%
Korea Exchange Bank0.00673,920.000.00%
Land Bank of the Philippines0.0068,646,469,730.170.00%
Maybank Philippines Inc.0.00579,226,472.330.00%
Metropolitan Bank & Trust Company0.008,141,482,227.330.00%
Philippine National Bank0.003,289,296,631.390.00%
Philippine Veterans Bank0.0047,571,251.340.00%
Robinsons Bank Corporation0.001,092,204,794.180.00%
Security Bank Corporation0.00186,843,553.260.00%
The Bank of Tokyo - Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd0.008,860,884.920.00%
Union Bank of the Philippines0.00959,960,804.940.00%
Al Amanah Islamic Bank of the Philippines0.000.00NA
Bangkok Bank Public Co. Ltd.0.000.00NA
Bank of China Limited - Manila Branch0.000.00NA
BDO Private Bank, Inc.0.000.00NA
Deutsche Bank AG0.000.00NA
Internationale Nederlanden Groep Bank0.000.00NA
Mega International Commercial Bank Co. Ltd0.000.00NA
Mizuho Corporate Bank Ltd - Manila Branch0.000.00NA
Philippine Trust Company0.000.00NA
Grand Total539,275,201.59214,871,256,012.130.25%


Source: www.bsp.gov.ph



Given all the measures banks can take to prevent a DOSRI Loan from falling past due, it is not surprising to find past due rates of DOSRI Loans significantly below the NPL ratios of their Total Loan Portfolios.  What is generally surprising is to find DOSRI Loans that fall past due in significantly higher proportions than the banks NPL ratio on their Total Loan Portfolios.  Only three banks fall into this category:
  1. Rizal Commercial Banking Corporation (DOSRI Past Due Ratio of 11% versus an NPL Ratio of 0.86%)
  2. Bank of America N.A. (DOSRI Past Due Ratio of 6.37% versus an NPL Ratio of 0.00%)
The NPL Ratio of the Philippine Commercial Banking System has dropped slightly to 2.21% of Total Loan Portfolio - Net as of June 30, 2012 from 2.53% as of March 31, 2012.



Philippine Universal and Commercial Banking System
NPL as % of TLP-Net
June 30, 2012









NPLTLP-NetNPL/TLP
Bank(In Php)(In Php)(In %)
Bank of Commerce4,127,215,374.3740,286,168,910.8410.24%
United Coconut Planters Bank4,550,757,595.9764,560,997,791.917.05%
Philippine National Bank6,580,772,204.25130,344,611,716.695.05%
East West Banking Corporation2,434,617,349.2252,595,614,642.104.63%
Philippine Veterans Bank1,118,165,728.4524,461,896,932.694.57%
Union Bank of the Philippines3,321,506,763.2886,315,941,248.743.85%
Allied Banking Corporation3,620,865,825.6897,005,209,447.243.73%
Development Bank of the Philippines4,891,977,135.48132,330,130,718.883.70%
Philippine Trust Company1,187,297,173.2835,904,262,386.843.31%
Land Bank of the Philippines8,082,570,361.75249,893,860,362.243.23%
Standard Chartered Bank1,148,204,008.2837,400,519,794.203.07%
Maybank Philippines Inc.841,828,527.9727,960,133,075.293.01%
Chinatrust (Philippines) Commercial Banking Corporation373,752,807.1112,626,685,303.372.96%
Robinsons Bank Corporation463,679,512.2115,901,720,790.622.92%
China Banking Corporation4,182,883,177.08160,336,920,730.802.61%
Asia United Bank737,542,513.4330,447,777,903.992.42%
Banco De Oro Unibank Inc.11,005,621,686.35687,449,848,983.941.60%
Metropolitan Bank & Trust Company4,899,855,939.33356,405,295,315.461.37%
Bank of the Philippine Islands4,527,776,844.83381,129,488,188.361.19%
Philippine Bank of Communications110,498,322.409,373,967,066.041.18%
HongKong & Shanghai Banking Corporation815,276,281.0271,135,474,496.391.15%
Rizal Commercial Banking Corporation1,267,514,279.70147,566,030,748.890.86%
Security Bank Corporation854,299,182.91121,418,657,430.700.70%
Citibank N.A.882,189,033.18127,326,018,344.680.69%
Korea Exchange Bank36,302,160.895,265,334,464.090.69%
Al Amanah Islamic Bank of the Philippines1,232,146.27286,658,067.440.43%
Bangkok Bank Public Co. Ltd.5,804,155.553,308,082,971.500.18%
Bank of China Limited - Manila Branch8,660,895.915,022,505,240.780.17%
ANZ Banking Group Ltd23,339,114.8525,012,985,590.310.09%
The Bank of Tokyo - Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd125,938.8023,472,630,029.700.00%
Internationale Nederlanden Groep Bank86.249,623,642,231.230.00%
Bank of America N.A.0.004,366,919,280.840.00%
BDO Private Bank, Inc.0.006,045,408,925.810.00%
Deutsche Bank AG0.0024,392,915,946.480.00%
JP Morgan Chase Bank National Association0.0021,401,181,445.240.00%
Mega International Commercial Bank Co. Ltd0.007,024,204,490.460.00%
Mizuho Corporate Bank Ltd - Manila Branch0.0025,422,078,830.340.00%
Grand Total72,102,132,126.043,260,821,779,845.122.21%

Source: www.bsp.gov.ph


However, one bank has a significantly high NPL as a percentage of its stockholders equity as of June 30, 2012.  This bank is Standard Chartered Bank (NPL/SE Ratio of 69.06%).

Other banks with NPLs that are more than 20% of their stockholders equity are:
  1. United Coconut Planters Bank (NPL/SE Ratio of 24.57%)
  2. Bank of Commerce (NPL/SE Ratio of 23.51% of SE)
  3. Philippine Veterans Bank (NPL/SE Ratio of 21.58% of SE)
Again, any further deterioration in the value of these banks NPLs may lead to a significant reduction of the bank's capital, particularly if the bank has not adequately reserved capital for future losses on these NPLs.  But of the four banks listed above, three banks are listed as distressed:
  1. United Coconut Planters Bank
  2. Bank of Commerce
  3. Philippine Veterans Bank

Philippine Universal and Commercial Banking System
NPL as % of SE
June 30, 2012









NPLSENPL/SE
Bank(In PHP)(In PHP)(In %)
Standard Chartered Bank1,148,204,008.281,662,661,839.1469.06%
United Coconut Planters Bank4,550,757,595.9718,524,593,394.8824.57%
Bank of Commerce4,127,215,374.3717,557,056,210.0523.51%
Philippine Veterans Bank1,118,165,728.455,182,204,888.3321.58%
Allied Banking Corporation3,620,865,825.6818,326,663,200.6819.76%
Philippine National Bank6,580,772,204.2537,122,489,253.6017.73%
Maybank Philippines Inc.841,828,527.975,535,707,537.0315.21%
HongKong & Shanghai Banking Corporation815,276,281.025,388,712,213.2015.13%
East West Banking Corporation2,434,617,349.2216,170,114,535.4615.06%
Development Bank of the Philippines4,891,977,135.4839,139,801,398.2112.50%
China Banking Corporation4,182,883,177.0836,037,127,084.4811.61%
Citibank N.A.882,189,033.187,841,168,502.1811.25%
Land Bank of the Philippines8,082,570,361.7572,035,398,618.5911.22%
Banco De Oro Unibank Inc.11,005,621,686.35101,929,325,323.6710.80%
Robinsons Bank Corporation463,679,512.215,400,718,494.918.59%
Union Bank of the Philippines3,321,506,763.2839,593,140,857.568.39%
Philippine Trust Company1,187,297,173.2815,758,749,258.447.53%
Asia United Bank737,542,513.4310,173,091,443.187.25%
Korea Exchange Bank36,302,160.89561,460,316.566.47%
Chinatrust (Philippines) Commercial Banking Corporation373,752,807.116,118,237,659.456.11%
Bank of the Philippine Islands4,527,776,844.8387,074,496,134.625.20%
Metropolitan Bank & Trust Company4,899,855,939.33106,194,109,504.714.61%
Rizal Commercial Banking Corporation1,267,514,279.7040,339,304,322.023.14%
Security Bank Corporation854,299,182.9134,857,762,333.002.45%
Bank of China Limited - Manila Branch8,660,895.91610,490,846.111.42%
Philippine Bank of Communications110,498,322.408,262,907,312.021.34%
ANZ Banking Group Ltd23,339,114.852,023,998,541.561.15%
Bangkok Bank Public Co. Ltd.5,804,155.551,150,161,682.460.50%
Al Amanah Islamic Bank of the Philippines1,232,146.27473,003,657.240.26%
The Bank of Tokyo - Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd125,938.80746,456,907.950.02%
Internationale Nederlanden Groep Bank86.242,771,241,312.150.00%
Bank of America N.A.0.00596,946,705.200.00%
BDO Private Bank, Inc.0.005,204,459,324.380.00%
Deutsche Bank AG0.001,617,692,819.390.00%
JP Morgan Chase Bank National Association0.001,727,884,545.300.00%
Mega International Commercial Bank Co. Ltd0.00691,445,235.150.00%
Mizuho Corporate Bank Ltd - Manila Branch0.001,275,769,667.830.00%
Grand Total72,102,132,126.04755,676,552,880.699.54%

Source: www.bsp.gov.ph

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